He won a gold medal in Economics while doing graduation in 1958 from Karnatak University, Dharwar. He passed M.A. (Economics) in 1960 from the same University. He did M.A. (Economics) again in 1968 from the Indiana University, USA and got Ph.D (Economics) in 1972 from the same University. He was-Reader at the Institute for Social and Economic Research, Bangalore during 1972-73, and was Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Science, Penang, Malaysia from 1973 to 1992. Currently he is Head of the Economics Department and the most Senior economist at the University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby. He has published several research articles in economic journals in India and abroad. He has presented papers at several international conferences in India, Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Germany, Hong Kong, Papua New Guinea and the Philippines. He has published two other books: Economic History of Great Powers and Foundation Economics.